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Biodiversity index Poyang Lake Nature Reserve, situated in northern Jiangxi privince,
China. Poyang Lake, the largest fresh water lake in China, lies to the
south of the middle and lower reaches of the Changjiang Yangtze River,
on the south shore of the Yangtze River. 29°05' - 29°15' N , 115°55'
–116°03' E ), from 12-18 m above sea level, covering a total area of
about 390,000ha. The lake has been well known as "a land of
abundance" and is reputed as a "bright pearl" in the basin of the
Changjiang River with its rich aquatic resources and flourishing crops
in surrounding fertile lands, marshes, wet grassland and alluvial
floodplains. The site has incredible diversity of both flora and fauna,
about over 100,000 waterbirds including several endangered species, such
as the Siberian, Hooded and Eurasian Cranes, Great Bustards, White
Storks, Chinese Merganser, and theLesser White-fronted Goose. Up to 98%
of the world population of the Siberian Crane winters in Poyang Lake
Basin; other endangered species, such as White-naped Crane, Hooded
Crane, Oriental White Stork, Black Stork, Spoonbill, Whistling Swan,
Mandarin Duck, Great Bustard and Pelican and numerous waterbirds also
use the lake as their main wintering ground. The site has a rich fish
fauna that provide adequate food resource for waterbirds.
The Poyang Lake area enjoys a subtropical warm and wet climate with
suffucuent sunshine, ample precipitation and long frost-free period. The
average annual temperature varies from 16.7 to 17.7 degrees C The
average annual rainfall is 1426mm (average yearly is 1,400 to 1,900 mm),
with the highest amount of precipitation occurring from April to June
(47.4% of annual rainfall).
In general, there are 25 families of phytoplankton totalling
almost 46 species, the dominant being green algae,37 families of aquatic
vascular plant with 98 species, the dominant being sedge, Potamogeton
malaianus and Vallisneria spiralis; 42 species of mollusca, the dominant
being snail and mussel; 21 families of fish with 122 species, the
dominant being Cyprinidae. In addition, there is a good supply of silver
fish, a famous product of the area; insects 63 families 227 species.
Spreading on the grassland along the banks are 74 species of 25 families
of meadow and helophyte plants, the dominant being Gramineae,
Cyperaceae, Polygonaceae and Compositae. Such abundant natural resources
provide a welcoming habitat for birds, attracting tens of thousands of
migratory birds to spend their winter there, thus turning the Poyang
Lake into one of the world's most famous migratory birds sanctuaries.
Lake Poyang accommodates 332 kinds of birds, subordinate to 17 orders,
55 families. There are 124 species of waterfowls: 32 species of ducks
(Anatidae) and 25 species of snipes (Scolopacidae). 10 of them are first
class species on China’s list of protected species (“Red List”), amongst
them the famous Siberian Crane (Grus leucogeranus) that is the symbol of
Poyang Lake. Almost 95% of Siberian Cranes in the world spend their
winter in Lake Poyang wetlands. Other rare and endangered species such
as the Oriental White Stork (Ciconia boyciana), the Black Stork
(Ciconia nigra), Swan Goose (Anser cygnoides),
White-naped Crane (Grus vipio), Hooded Crane (Grus
monacha) and the Great Bustard (Otis tarda). 44 species
are on the second national list of protected birds like the Sacred Ibis
(Threskiornis aethiopica) the Spoonbill (Platalea
leucorodia) and the White fronted goose (Anser albifrons).
Lake Poyang is known as “the world of white cranes” and “the kingdom of
rare birds”, so in June, 1983, the People's Government of Jiangxi
Province established the Migratory Birds Reserve in the western part of
Poyang Lake where most of the migratory birds flock there for winter,
and set up corresponding administrations. This Reserve, with Wucheng in
Yongxiu County as its center, embraces nine seasonal lakes and marshes
including: Dahuci, Banghu, Zhonghuci, Shahu, with a total area of 22,400
ha. There dwell in the Reserve 150 species of birds among which many are
rare ones listed for global protection..
Birding sites:
1, Dahuchi (Big Lake Pool) with its Protecting Station, the central area
of Poyang Lake, close to Wucheng Town, mainly for cranes such as:
cranes, storks, Grus grus Common Crane, Grus vipio White-naped crane etc.
2, Zhonghuchi (Middle Lake Pool), mainly birdwatching birds as: Tundra Swan (Cygnus columbianus);
3, Shahu (Sha Lake), Whooper Swan (Cygnus cygnus), Tundra Swan (Cygnus columbianus)
, Duck, Wild Goose
4, Banghu (Bang Lake), almost all kinds of birds. And in Sixiahu are
(Temple Lake area in Banghu, in Banghu Township) with white cranes
birding there, Stork. best time to watch white cranes: 01-10Nov.
5, Shaoyanghu (Shaoyang Lake), birding white cranes, close to
Dahuchi area.
Some of Brids Namelist
PODICIPEDIFORMES
Podicipedidae
Little Grebe
Tachybaptus ruficollis R(Resident)
Great Crested Grebe
Podiceps cristatus
R
PELECANIFORMES
Pelecanidae
Dalmatian Pelican
Pelecanus philippensis
Winter Ⅱ
Phalacrocoracidae
Cormorant
Phalacrocorax carbo
Winter
CICONIIFORMES
Ardeidae
Ciconiidae
Oriental White Stork
Ciconia boyciana Win
Ⅰ
Black Stork
C. nigra
Win
Ⅰ
Threskiornithidae
European Spoonbill
Platalea leucorodia Win
Ⅱ
Black-faced Spoonbill
P. minor
Win
Ⅱ
ANSERIFORMES
Anatidae
Bean Goose
A. fabalis
Win
Ⅱ
White-fronted Goose
A. albifrons Win
Ⅱ
Whooper Swan
Cygnus cygnus Win
Ⅱ
Whistling Swan
C. columbianus Win
Ⅱ
Mandarin
Aix galericulata
Win
Ⅱ
Chinese Merganser
M. squamatus
Win
Ⅰ
FALCONIFORMES
Accipitridae
Black-winged Kite
Elanus caeruleus
Ⅱ
Crested Lizard Hawk
Aviced subcristatus
Ⅱ
Black Kite
Milvus migrans
Win
Ⅱ
Goshawk
Accipiter gentilis
Ⅱ
Northern Sparrowhawk
A. nisus
Win
Ⅱ
Upland Buzzard
Buteo hemilasius
Ⅱ
Buzzard
B. buteo
Win
Ⅱ
Golden Eagle
Aquila chrysaetos
Win
Ⅰ
Imperial Eagle
A. heliaca
Win
Ⅰ
Spotted Eagle
A. clanga
Win
Ⅱ
White-tailed Sea Eagle
Haliaeetus albicilla Win
Ⅰ
Hen Harrier
Circus cyaneus
Win
Ⅱ
Pallid Harrier
C. macrourus
Win
Ⅱ
Pied Harrier
C. melanoleucos
Win
Ⅱ
Eastern Marsh Harrier
C. aeruginosus
Win
Ⅱ
Osprey
Pandion haliaetus
Win
Ⅱ
Falconidae
Peregrine Falcon
Falco peregrinus R
Ⅱ
Hobby
F. subbuteo
R
Ⅱ
Merlin
F. clumbarius
R
Ⅱ
Red-footed
Falcon
F. vespertinus
Ⅱ
Kestrel
F. tinnunculus
R
Ⅱ
GALLIFORMES
Phasianidae
Turnicidae
Gruidae
Comman Crane
Grus grus Win
Ⅱ
Hooded Crane
G. monacha Win
Ⅰ
White-naped Crane
G. vipio Win
Ⅱ
Siberian White Crane
G. leucogeranus Win
Ⅰ
Sandhill Crane
G. canadensis Win
Ⅱ
Rallidae
Swinhoe's Yellow Rail
Cotruicops noveboracensis Win Ⅱ
Otidae
Great Bustard
Otis tarda Win
Ⅰ
CHARADRIIFORMES
Scolopacidae
Little Whimbrel
Numenius minutus Win
Ⅱ
CUCULIFORMES
Cuculidae
Lesser Coucal
Centropus bengalesis Sum
Ⅱ
STRIGIFORMES
Tytonidae
Grass Owl
Tyto capensis R Ⅱ
Strigidae
Scops Owl
Otus scops
Ⅱ
Collared Scops-owl
O. bakkamoena
Ⅱ
Great Eagle-owl
Bubo bubo
Ⅱ
Barred Owlet
G. cuculoides Sum
Ⅱ
Brown Hawk Owl
Ninox scutulata
Ⅱ
Long-eared Owl
Asio otus
Ⅱ
Short-eared Owl
A. flammeus
Ⅱ
PASSERIFORMES
Pittidae
Fairy
Pitta
Pitta brachyura Sum Ⅱ
Poyang Science Tour All above for your reference and
subject to our confirmation.
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